Roman numerals converter | Convert Numbers Effortlessly
Print this chart and keep it to hand: the seven symbols, 1 to 20, the tens, and the hundreds up to 1000.
Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers, with a full step-by-step breakdown. Supports 1 to 3,999,999 using the vinculum (overline) for values of 4,000 and above.
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How to Use
- Choose the direction: number to Roman numeral, or Roman numeral to number.
- Type your value in the box (for example 2024 or MMXXIV).
- Press Convert to see the result and the symbol-by-symbol breakdown.
- Use Copy to copy the result, or Clear to start again.
Key Features
- Converts both ways: numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals to numbers.
- Handles large values from 1 to 3,999,999 using the vinculum (overline) for thousands.
- Strict validation rejects invalid forms such as IIII, VV and IC.
- Shows a clear breakdown, for example 2024 = MMXXIV = M + M + X + X + IV.
Roman Numeral Rules
- Seven symbols carry fixed values: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000.
- Symbols are written from largest to smallest, left to right, and added together.
- A smaller symbol before a larger one is subtracted: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900.
- A symbol may repeat at most three times in a row; a bar (vinculum) over a symbol multiplies it by 1,000.
Common Use Cases
- Reading clock faces, book chapters, film credits and copyright years.
- Schoolwork and teaching the Roman number system.
- Tattoos, monograms and dates such as anniversaries and birth years.
- Naming monarchs, popes and Super Bowl editions.
Frequently Asked Questions
2024 in Roman numerals is MMXXIV. It breaks down as M (1000) + M (1000) + X (10) + X (10) + IV (4), which adds up to 2,024.
Roman numerals are a number system from ancient Rome that uses seven letters - I, V, X, L, C, D and M - to write numbers. Each letter has a fixed value, and letters are combined by addition and subtraction.
Standard Roman numerals never repeat a symbol more than three times, and the symbols V, L and D are never repeated at all. So 4 is written IV (not IIII) and 10 is X (not VV). This converter validates these rules strictly.
Numbers from 4,000 upward use a bar called a vinculum drawn over a symbol, which multiplies its value by 1,000. For example, an overlined V means 5,000 and an overlined X means 10,000. This tool shows the bar automatically.
No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero and cannot represent negative numbers or fractions in everyday use, which is why this converter accepts whole numbers from 1 upward only.
Switch the direction to “Roman numeral to number”, type the numeral (for example MCMLIV), and press Convert. The tool checks the numeral is valid and shows its value, 1,954 in that example.
Roman Numerals Chart
Print this chart and keep it to hand: the seven symbols, 1 to 20, the tens, and the hundreds up to 1000.
The seven symbols
| Roman | Number |
|---|---|
| I | 1 |
| V | 5 |
| X | 10 |
| L | 50 |
| C | 100 |
| D | 500 |
| M | 1000 |
1 to 20
| Number | Roman |
|---|---|
| 1 | I |
| 2 | II |
| 3 | III |
| 4 | IV |
| 5 | V |
| 6 | VI |
| 7 | VII |
| 8 | VIII |
| 9 | IX |
| 10 | X |
| 11 | XI |
| 12 | XII |
| 13 | XIII |
| 14 | XIV |
| 15 | XV |
| 16 | XVI |
| 17 | XVII |
| 18 | XVIII |
| 19 | XIX |
| 20 | XX |
Tens
| Number | Roman |
|---|---|
| 30 | XXX |
| 40 | XL |
| 50 | L |
| 60 | LX |
| 70 | LXX |
| 80 | LXXX |
| 90 | XC |
| 100 | C |
Hundreds
| Number | Roman |
|---|---|
| 200 | CC |
| 300 | CCC |
| 400 | CD |
| 500 | D |
| 600 | DC |
| 700 | DCC |
| 800 | DCCC |
| 900 | CM |
| 1000 | M |
Often used together with: Sort numbers · Random number generator · Average calculator
What Is a Roman Numerals Converter?
A Roman numerals converter turns ordinary numbers into Roman numerals and back. Roman numerals combine seven letters - I, V, X, L, C, D and M - where a smaller symbol before a larger one means subtraction (for example, IV = 4). For example, 2024 = MMXXIV.